An underground greenhouse, also known as a walipini, is a type of greenhouse that is built partially or entirely underground. The greenhouse is constructed by digging a pit in the ground and then building a structure over it using materials such as wood, metal, or concrete.
The building procedure for an underground greenhouse involves several steps:
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Site preparation
Choose a location that has good drainage and receives adequate sunlight. Excavate a pit or trench below ground level, using a backhoe or digging by hand.
Framing
Construct a frame using materials such as wood, metal, or PVC pipes. The frame should be sturdy enough to support the weight of the soil above and the greenhouse cover.
Covering
Cover the frame with a waterproof material such as plastic or polycarbonate sheets. The covering should be securely attached to the frame to prevent leaks and drafts.
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Insulation
Add insulation such as foam board or straw bales to the walls and floor of the greenhouse. This will help regulate the temperature and reduce energy costs.
Ventilation
Install a ventilation system to regulate temperature and humidity. This can include passive vents, exhaust fans, or a combination of both.
Irrigation
Install an irrigation system to provide water to the plants. This can include drip irrigation or a soaker hose.
Lighting
Depending on the amount of natural sunlight in the area, artificial lighting may be necessary to provide enough light for the plants to grow.
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Finishing
Add finishing touches such as shelving, benches, and a door to complete the underground greenhouse.
It is important to design the greenhouse based on the climate and local conditions of the area to ensure optimal growing conditions for the plants.
Regular maintenance and monitoring of temperature and humidity levels will also be necessary for successful plant growth.
Benefits of an underground greenhouse include
Extended Growing Season
An underground greenhouse provides a warmer environment for plants and extends the growing season, allowing for year-round growing in some climates.
Energy Efficient
Because an underground greenhouse is partially or fully underground, it can reduce the amount of energy needed to maintain a consistent temperature, making it a more energy-efficient option.
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Protection from Extreme Weather
An underground greenhouse protects from extreme weather events, such as heavy rain, hail, and wind, which can damage crops and plants.
Greater Control of Temperature and Humidity
An underground greenhouse allows for greater control of temperature and humidity, which can help optimize plant growth and yield.
Reduced Water Usage
An underground greenhouse can help reduce water usage because it is naturally cooler and more humid, reducing the amount of water that is lost to evaporation.
Protection from Pests
An underground greenhouse is less susceptible to pests, such as insects and rodents, which can damage crops and plants.
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Use of Natural Light
An underground greenhouse can be designed to maximize the use of natural light, reducing the need for artificial lighting and further reducing energy usage.
Increased Food Security
It can help increase food security by providing a reliable source of fresh produce, even in areas with harsh climates.
Space Efficiency
It is a space-efficient option, as it can be built on a smaller footprint than a traditional greenhouse, while still providing ample growing space.
Sustainable Agriculture
It is a sustainable agriculture option, as it can help reduce the carbon footprint of agriculture by reducing energy usage and water consumption while providing a reliable source of fresh produce.
An underground greenhouse is a unique and sustainable way to grow crops.
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